Important parquet/laminate terms
A
Setting
Curing of screeds, adhesives
Abrasion resistance
wear resistance of wood depending on its density. The abrasion resistance of finished parquet surfaces depends on the type and finish of the surface treatment (sealed, oiled, oiled/waxed).
Tear-off joint
When sealing on the construction site, the parquet elements may be glued to the sides. During the heating period, the parquet shrinks, and in this process, the lateral gluing prevents the formation of an even joint. Such a large tensile force can build up, which leads to the tearing apart of the surface with a correspondingly large joint - the tear-off joint.
Spacing wedges
Wooden or plastic blocks for fixing the all-round expansion joint of a parquet floor to rising structural elements during installation
Acrylic
Synthetic resin, component mainly of water seals
Alkyd resin
Synthetic resin, component of oil synthetic resin seals - impregnations and oil systems
Anhydrite screed
Clacium sulfate screed - screed
Anisotropy
Different behavior of wood according to the direction of the fibers
Charging
Electrostatic charge
Leveling compound
Filling compound for smoothing substrates
Curing time
Time required for a material (adhesive, screed, paint) to set
B
Stain
Means of coloring wood
Ready for covering
Condition in which the substrate is such that parquet can be laid, i.e. it must be firm, level, even and dry.
Flexural strength
Resistance to deflection, e.g. of wood-based panels
Blind floor
Subfloor made of wood-based panels or boards
Brinel hardness
Common measure of the resistance of wood to point loads
Stirrup
Staples made of spring steel for laying parquet elements and solid wood floorboards intended for this purpose - staple installation
D
Insulating carpet pad
Intermediate layer between the subfloor and multilayer parquet to increase the impact sound insulation and to compensate for slight irregularities
Top layer
Wear layer for multilayer parquet
Expansion joint
Distance of a parquet and wooden floor (10 to 15 mm) from rising components such as walls and pillars
Decorative wax
Wax with pigments for color treatment
Density
Quotient of mass and volume of a material - bulk density
Dispersion
Distribution of solid particles (e.g. in adhesives, surface treatment products) in liquid, usually water-based
E
Electrical resistance
In wood, between 10/8 and 20/10 ohms; this makes wood a good insulator - Electrostatic charge
Electrostatic charge
Charging of the human body caused by friction; in the case of wood flooring, low due to the electrical resistance of the material
English bond
Regular bond, classic laying pattern for parquet - ship's floor
F
Rebate
In the rebate joint, two alternately angled profiles interlock, used for prefabricated screed elements, dry screed elements.
Grain direction
Direction in wood structure, anisotropy, radial direction, tangential direction
Tongue
Counter profile to groove in tongue and groove connection of parquet elements
Prefabricated screed elements
Dry screed panels made of gypsum fiber, anhydrite, brick or concrete, screed, flowing screed
Prefabricated parquet
Ready-to-lay parquet elements with factory-applied surface treatment, three- and two-layer, multi-layer parquet
Moisture barrier
Film intended to prevent moisture penetration of a component, e.g. approved PVC-e of at least 0.5 mm thickness
Film former
Component of water seals to accelerate curing
Herringbone
classic laying pattern for parquet
Weave pattern
classic laying pattern for parquet
Flowing screed
Liquid applied, self-leveling anhydrite screeds, which due to their consistency create a horizontal surface by themselves - screed - sintered layer.
Formaldehyde
A gaseous substance found in nature, in the air, in the human body, in cigarette smoke and in many synthetic products, which in larger concentrations can have an irritating effect on the human organism, cause allergies and possibly cause cancer in the long term. In workrooms, the maximum concentration of 1 ppm (part per million), i.e. one part formaldehyde to 1 million parts air, must not be exceeded.
Foreign spring
Loose wood nibs for installation of round grooved parquet strips - panel parquet
Frieze
Decorative edge finish of a parquet floor
Joint filler
Filler for large joints, especially for renovating old floors
Functional heating
Start-up and heating of an underfloor heating system to bring the heating screed to readiness for covering
Veneer
Thin layer of wood
Underfloor heating
Heating laid in the screed - heating screed
G
Counteracting layer
Bottom layer of three-layer parquet, multi-layer parquet, prefabricated parquet
Slip resistance
A function of the surface treatment of parquet, can be adjusted according to the requirements - Sliding properties
Sliding properties
Limited glide is desired, for example, in living rooms (and dance halls, etc.) - glide safety.
H
Hardness
A measure of the resistance of wood to point loads, Brinel hardness
Hard wax
Specially adjusted wax made of natural or synthetic components with high abrasion resistance for surface treatment
Heating screed
Underfloor heated screed, warm water conducting pipelines are integrated in the screed structure
Wood color
Natural wood color
Wood ingredients
Natural substances in wood that are responsible for certain properties
Wood putty
Wood paste for repairing scratches and other damage, wax putty, fusible putty
Wooden panels
Panels made of glued wood products, e.g. fiberboard, particleboard, plywood, OSB boards
Hydrophobing
Impregnation against moisture
I
Impregnation
Thin, non-film-forming varnish that causes hardening of the wood surface.
Industrial parquet
Robust parquet made of lamellas standing on edge
Inlaid parquet
Inlaid work in parquet floors, often as pictorial motifs, usually combined with a frieze
K
Heartwood
Inner, usually darker and more resistant wood core in hardwoods, in contrast to the sapwood
Staple installation
Laying method with spring steel staples for parquet elements and solid wood planks designed for this purpose - stirrups
Adhesive net
Fabric placed under laying units of mosaic parquets
Click connection
Simple glue-free installation method for multilayer parquet, where the elements snap into place, the parquet floor can be disassembled and re-installed
Condensation
Uncontrolled moisture penetration within a construction structure due to a temperature gradient caused by incorrect construction physics - thermal bridges
L
Bearing timbers
Squared lumber used as a substructure for wood flooring; the moisture content of the wood must not exceed 15% during installation; maximum spacing 50 cm
Lamellas
Small parquet strips, also part of the top layer in multilayer parquet flooring
Laminate flooring
Laminate flooring refers to flooring elements with a top layer of laminate.
Glue line
Continuous glue indication on the upper groove cheek of parquet elements, white glue, groove
Performance specification
Precise specifications for parquet work as a basis for costing
Solvent
Volatile base materials for adhesives and surface treatment products
Air convection
Air movements in the area of heating systems
Airborne sound
Sound caused by talking, music, walking (perception in own room) in contrast to impact sound
M
Grain
Natural wood grain due to the incision of the annual rings
Solid wood floorboard
Flooring plank made of solid hardwood or softwood, technically dried to about 10%, surface sanded
Multilayer parquet
Two- or three-layer glued parquet elements, where the top layer must consist of grown wood, the backing layer or the counter layer can also consist of wood-based materials, gluing of the layers usually crosswise, surface treatment usually at the factory. New term (standardized) for finished parquet.
Microstructure
Fine structure of the wood from cells and fibers
Middle layer
Support layer for multilayer parquet, finished parquet, usually made of softwood
Mohair roll
Lambskin roller with short fibers for surface treatment
Assembly iron
Also called pulling iron, enables to add the last elements of a parquet row or parquet surface
Mosaic parquet
Parquet made of small lamellas as a laying unit in various laying patterns
N
Groove
Counter profile to the tongue in the tongue and groove connection of parquet elements and solid wood planks
Groove cheek
Upper or lower part of the groove
Wear layer
Top layer
O
OSB boards
Glued oriented strand boards - Wood-based panels
P
Parquet element
Here generally used as a single component (rod, cassette)
Parquet belt
Solid wood bar with tongue and groove
Parquet strip
All-round grooved solid wood rod, - external spring
Pavement fatigue
Premature fatigue of the foot muscles and ligaments on hard floors in standing professions, hardly occurs with parquet due to the microstructure of the wood and the floor structure, - tread elasticity
Polishing machine
Rotating polishing machine for working in oils and waxes, but also for parquet care
Polyurethane
Plastic, base for adhesives and sealants
Profiles
Wood, metal or plastic profiles for covering transitions between floor coverings, for stair treads, etc.
Point load
Compressive stress on a limited area, e.g. stiletto heels on parquet, measured as Brinel hardness
Q
Swelling
Increase in volume of wood after addition of moisture, shrinkage
R
Radial direction
Direction within a log from the bark to the core - anisotropy
Bulk density
In wood depending on the size and number of cell spaces, density, only comparable at the same wood moisture content
Pipe rosette
Covering rosettes made of wood, plastic or metal on heating pipes and other installations
S
Ship's bottom
Also ship's bond, classic laying pattern for parquet, as regular bond - English bond
Percussion wood
Block made of hardwood or plastic, which distributes the impact effect when joining parquet elements with a hammer and thus prevents damage; is placed on the tongue
Fusible putty
Putty that must be heated to repair damage to the parquet surface, wood putty, wax putty
Bowls
Warping of parquet elements into hollow shapes due to different humidity within the element cross-section
Shrinkage
Volume reduction of wood due to drying, - swelling
Seal
Film-forming varnish layer on wooden floors, - Sealing, -Water sealing
Sinter layer
Sintered layer on the surface caused by the superplasticizer in a flowing screed hinders further drying of the screed and reduces the adhesive properties of adhesives and must therefore be sanded off by the screed layer
Skirting board
Finishing strip to the wall, also called skirting board or baseboard
Grading
Classification of the wood surface into standardized or company-specific surface patterns in order to obtain uniform parquet surfaces during installation
Sapwood
Outer, usually light-colored wood belt in hardwoods that serves for growth, in contrast to the heartwood on the inside
Rod
Parquet stick
Standard climate
Room climate of 50 percent relative humidity and 20° to 22° C air temperature
Front side
Narrow side of parquet elements and solid wood floorboards
Joint
Joint area of parquet elements and solid wood floorboards
T
Tangential direction
Direction within a log parallel to the annual rings, - anisotropy
Temperature profile
Temperature profile in the daily rhythm
Support layer
Middle layer for three-layer parquet or bottom layer for two-layer parquet
Tread elasticity
The microstructure of the wood and the floor structure prevent premature fatigue of the foot muscles and ligaments
Fatigue of the foot muscles and ligaments, - pavement fatigue
Impact sound
Due to e.g. touching the floor, perception in the room below, in contrast to airborne sound
Dry screed
Prefabricated screed elements made of gypsum fiber, anhydrite, brick or concrete, - screed, - flowing screed
Dry fill
Fillings made of mineral or organic particles, which are placed and compacted especially on uneven subfloors (old buildings), they are at the same time insulation layer and subfloor for wood-based panels, on which parquet can be laid, also as insulation between bearing timbers.
Door lining
Linings and facings are the frame of a door, - frame
U
UV radiation
Fraction of ultraviolet rays of sunlight
Overtooth
Difference in height between the tops of two adjacent composite elements laid on a flat surface
V
Laying unit
Composite of several lamellas, e.g. for mosaic parquet
Laying pattern
Different arrangement of parquet single strips to form classical patterns such as - English bond, - ship's bottom, - cube, - herringbone, - braided pattern, also in case of multilayer parquet
Wear
Wear of the parquet surface, - abrasion resistance
Off-cuts
Remaining scraps, which cannot be used anymore. In the process of laying the parquet, there is only a small amount of waste, because the leftover element of one laying row is used as the initial element of the next one.
Sealing
Film-forming varnish layer on wooden floors, - seal, - water seal
Solid wood
Solid wood throughout
Primer
Pretreatment of substrates from the adhesive application
W
Wax putty
Wax-based putty for repairing damage to the parquet surface, - wood putty, - fusible putty
Heat/cold bridge
Uncontrolled temperature range within a construction that is incorrect from the point of view of building physics, which can lead to condensation and thus to structural damage.
Thermal conductivity
Indicates the heat flow passing through a cross-section of 1 sq. m. of a 1 m thick body when the temperature difference is 1 K (Kelvin), defined as thermal conductivity, is between 0.10 and 0.20 W/mK for wood, a range that makes parquet up to 11 mm thick suitable for heated screeds, - Thermal resistance.
Thermal resistance
Refers to the resistance that a building component of a certain thickness offers to the flow of heat, - thermal conductivity
Water seal
Water-based film-forming sealant, - seal, - sealant
White glue
PVAC glue for gluing parquet elements in tongue and groove for floating installation, -dispersion.
Cube
Classic laying pattern for parquet
Z
Toothed spatula
Spatula with toothed edge profile for adhesive application
Frame
Frame around a door, - door lining
Pulling iron
Also called assembly iron, enables to add the last elements of a parquet row or parquet area
Two-component material
Synthetic resin, adhesive or sealing system in which the binder and hardener are separate and mixed for processing.